k.roos

TL2 Moderator · Kuopio

Contributes reviews on supplier material. Based in Kuopio.

Joined 31 October 2024 · last posted 1d

94 posts, newest first. Showing up to 150.

Common supplements people ask about, assessed one at a time Replied, post #105 · Practice › Interactions · 27 Jul 2026 · 22 likes Food interactions: most interactions are absorption interactions. Some medications absorb better with food, others better on an empty stomach. With an incretin agonist…
Revisiting: Protein density versus volume when you cannot eat much Replied, post #103 · Nutrition & Training › Protein & intake · 25 Jul 2026 · 0 likes This follows post #100 rather than contradicting it. Eating anything at all: on substantial appetite suppression, eating enough total calories to maintain lean mass is…
Micro-titration: a disputed topic, argued properly — one year on Replied, post #67 · Practice › Dosing & titration · 23 Jul 2026 · 31 likes For anyone arriving from a search: the marked solution above is the direct answer, and the replies underneath it add the caveats that make it safe to use.
What a certificate commits its issuer to Replied, post #82 · Analytics › COA interpretation · 22 Jul 2026 · 4 likes post #81 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. Reading old certificates: if a certificate is dated years ago, the lot it describes…
NHS criteria and how they are applied in practice Replied, post #38 · Regional › UK & Ireland · 22 Jul 2026 · 26 likes Regional variation in NHS: access varies dramatically by region depending on local commissioning decisions and specialist service availability. Postcode determines…
Coming back to: Telehealth prescribing models in the US Replied, post #24 · Regional › North America · 22 Jul 2026 · 30 likes Compounding pharmacies: pharmaceutical compounding of a drug not on the FDA shortage list is substantially constrained. The landscape changed when supply normalised.…
Revisiting: Why the absence of controlled human data on BPC-157 matters more than people… Replied, post #41 · Compounds › Repair & healing peptides · 19 Jul 2026 · 31 likes Oral versus injected administration claims for BPC-157: the preclinical work studied injection. Oral claims are common in supplier marketing and poorly supported by…
Coming back to: Where the four-week escalation interval comes from, and what it is not Replied, post #35 · Practice › Dosing & titration · 19 Jul 2026 · 22 likes Holding a dose indefinitely: the trials did not study indefinite holding at a non-maximum dose. The trials escalated to a target and then held that. What happens if you…
Journal club: SUSTAIN 6 and its retinopathy signal Replied, post #85 · Evidence › Journal club · 19 Jul 2026 · 0 likes SOUL (N Engl J Med 2025): Oral semaglutide cardiovascular outcomes. Extends the cardiovascular evidence to the oral formulation. Note that oral bioavailability is lower…
[2026 update] Antibiotics and a course of something with delayed emptying Replied, post #51 · Practice › Interactions · 16 Jul 2026 · 8 likes Worth separating two things that post #47 runs together. Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this topic, write down what you did…
Risk-of-bias tools and the judgement they conceal — does this still hold? Replied, post #26 · Evidence › Meta-analyses · 14 Jul 2026 · 4 likes Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this topic, write down what you did and when. The single most useful thing in your own…
[2026 update] Regional warehouse stock versus direct despatch Replied, post #133 · Sourcing › Logistics · 13 Jul 2026 · 24 likes Import restrictions by jurisdiction: what is legal to import for personal use varies enormously by country. Some jurisdictions are quite permissive; others are not.…
Aggregate verification data across the directory, with caveats Replied, post #31 · Sourcing › Independent verification · 6 Jul 2026 · 0 likes How to submit a sample: contact the service directly. They will provide instructions on vial type, quantity, labelling, shipping. Following their instructions exactly…
Coming back to: Reconciling a supplier certificate with an independent result Replied, post #20 · Sourcing › Vendor reports · 30 Jun 2026 · 0 likes Picking up post #17: that is the part I would want checked first. Temporal patterns: if results from a supplier were good two years ago but have deteriorated recently,…
Pooling trials with different estimands Replied, post #53 · Evidence › Meta-analyses · 27 Jun 2026 · 1 like Pooled estimates and heterogeneity: when trials differ in population, duration, or comparator, a pooled estimate answers a question that no individual trial asked. High…
Follow-up: Search filters: what is missing Replied, post #137 · Meta › Site feedback · 23 Jun 2026 · 11 likes post #136 is right about the mechanism and I think understates the practical bit. Thank you for the correction. I have edited my earlier post with a note rather than…
Insurance and replacement policies, compared Replied, post #37 · Sourcing › Logistics · 23 Jun 2026 · 0 likes Having read the exchange above, I think I was wrong earlier in this topic and I want to say so plainly rather than quietly editing. The correction was fair and I had…
Micronutrient adequacy at low total intake Replied, post #36 · Nutrition & Training › Protein & intake · 9 Jun 2026 · 0 likes On post #32 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Protein targets during weight loss: the standard recommendation is 1.6 to 2.2 grams per kilogram of body…
Alcohol: what is documented and what is folklore Replied, post #38 · Practice › Interactions · 2 Jun 2026 · 0 likes Picking up post #35: that is the part I would want checked first. Supplements and herbs: many have no established interaction. Some do. If you are taking something…
Blind submission and why it changes minds — the long version Replied, post #92 · Sourcing › Independent verification · 23 May 2026 · 0 likes Picking up post #89: that is the part I would want checked first. Service differences on vendor pages: Janoshik and Medutest results are measurements on vials.…
Secretagogues and glucose tolerance: the mechanistic concern — what changed since Replied, post #7 · Compounds › Secretagogues & GH axis · 22 May 2026 · 0 likes Evidence quality in the secretagogue literature is honestly weaker than in the incretin literature. Large randomised controlled trials are rare. Most evidence is…
Follow-up: Tirzepatide and nausea: is the profile genuinely different or just… Replied, post #70 · Compounds › Tirzepatide · 20 May 2026 · 0 likes Thank you for the correction. I have edited my earlier post with a note rather than silently, so the thread still makes sense to read. The error was mine and it was the…
Comparing my trajectory with the trial curves, carefully — a second dataset Replied, post #45 · Outcomes › Progress reports · 15 May 2026 · 5 likes On post #41 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Protein intake and resistance training: both self-reported and therefore optimistic in most reports.…
Blind submission and why it changes minds — the long version Replied, post #71 · Sourcing › Independent verification · 12 May 2026 · 5 likes Worth separating two things that post #67 runs together. Having read the exchange above, I think I was wrong earlier in this topic and I want to say so plainly rather…
Prescription portability between countries Replied, post #29 · Access › International · 10 May 2026 · 6 likes Coming back to post #27, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Country-by-country legality: compound approval and legal status differ…
Coming back to: Washout: how long is long enough, and for what purpose Replied, post #128 · Pharmacology › Pharmacokinetics · 3 May 2026 · 26 likes post #127 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. Thank you for the correction. I have edited my earlier post with a note rather than…
Request: show the solution author in the topic list — what changed since Replied, post #43 · Meta › Feature requests · 2 May 2026 · 25 likes I read post #41 twice before replying, because I had assumed the opposite. Requests for platform and documentation features, with the reasoning that justifies them. If…
Common supplements people ask about, assessed one at a time — a second dataset Replied, post #92 · Practice › Interactions · 23 Apr 2026 · 0 likes This follows post #89 rather than contradicting it. Food interactions: most interactions are absorption interactions. Some medications absorb better with food, others…
Search filters: what is missing Replied, post #49 · Meta › Site feedback · 21 Apr 2026 · 7 likes Performance: if pages are slow to load, timeouts occur, or the site is unresponsive, that is worth reporting with details (when, which pages, how slow).
Rotating between abdomen, thigh and upper arm: absorption differences — one year on Replied, post #49 · Practice › Administration · 18 Apr 2026 · 26 likes Air bubbles in a subcutaneous injection: the honest risk assessment is low. Tiny air bubbles in subcutaneous tissue do not behave like an air embolism in a blood…
Journal club: is percentage weight change the right endpoint? Replied, post #69 · Evidence › Journal club · 15 Apr 2026 · 0 likes Worth separating two things that post #65 runs together. Two things before anyone answers the substance. First, the context in the first post is clear and specific.…
Manufacturer assistance programmes and their eligibility rules Replied, post #17 · Access › Pricing · 10 Apr 2026 · 0 likes Having read the exchange above, I think I was wrong earlier in this topic and I want to say so plainly rather than quietly editing. The correction was fair and I had…
Reconstitution volumes that produce round numbers, tabulated Replied, post #87 · Practice › Reconstitution · 10 Apr 2026 · 12 likes I read post #85 twice before replying, because I had assumed the opposite. Having read the exchange above, I think I was wrong earlier in this topic and I want to say…
Pancreatitis history and the risk calculus Replied, post #2 · marked as the solution · Safety › Contraindications · 8 Apr 2026 · 7 likes On the opening post — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Disordered eating history: appetite suppression can trigger relapse in people with history of…
Coming back to: Why a preprint's supplementary material is often the best part Replied, post #23 · Evidence › Preprints · 3 Apr 2026 · 1 like For anyone arriving from a search: the marked solution above is the direct answer, and the replies underneath it add the caveats that make it safe to use.
Oral versus injected administration claims for BPC-157 Replied, post #19 · Compounds › Repair & healing peptides · 15 Mar 2026 · 8 likes Stability of BPC-157 in solution: what has been measured in published work covers specific formulations under specific conditions. Extrapolating to a reconstituted…
Second pass at: Identical chromatograms across two different lots Replied, post #43 · Sourcing › Red flags · 5 Mar 2026 · 0 likes Picking up post #40: that is the part I would want checked first. Evasion when asked: if a supplier does not clarify when asked specifically for method details,…
Measurement error in home scales, with a worked standard deviation Replied, post #14 · Research Methods › Statistics · 27 Feb 2026 · 18 likes Relative risk and odds ratios: both compare the rate in one group to the rate in another. Relative risk is easier to understand. Odds ratios are standard in many…
[2026 update] A rising related-substance total over six months: degradation or method… Replied, post #48 · Analytics › Impurities & related substances · 16 Feb 2026 · 5 likes Dimer and higher-order multimers: two or more peptide molecules bonded together. They appear at double the mass and higher. They may or may not separate from the…
Managing an unplanned gap in supply Replied, post #29 · Access › Shortages · 12 Feb 2026 · 3 likes Coming back to post #27, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Dose hold versus tapering: if a temporary shortage forces a gap, holding your dose…
Journal club: LEADER as the historical anchor Replied, post #30 · Evidence › Journal club · 2 Feb 2026 · 16 likes SELECT (N Engl J Med 2023): Semaglutide cardiovascular outcomes without diabetes. The first outcome trial in people without diabetes, which decoupled the cardiovascular…
Second pass at: Adsorptive losses at low concentration, and why dilute solutions are… Replied, post #17 · Practice › Storage & stability · 13 Jan 2026 · 32 likes Coming back to post #15, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Freeze-thaw: some peptide solutions tolerate freezing poorly because ice crystals…
Reference intervals: how they are constructed and why one in twenty flags Replied, post #35 · Clinical › Bloodwork · 12 Jan 2026 · 22 likes post #34 is right about the mechanism and I think understates the practical bit. HbA1c and glucose: HbA1c reflects average glucose over months; a spot glucose…
What a good consultation looks like from the other side Replied, post #8 · Clinical › Prescriber conversations · 7 Jan 2026 · 7 likes Preparing for an appointment: bring recent bloodwork, a list of current medications with doses and timing, and any questions written out. Written questions get better…
What to include when your question involves a chromatogram Replied, post #8 · Start Here › How to Ask · 29 Dec 2025 · 8 likes Picking up post #5: that is the part I would want checked first. Avoid "any advice?" at the end. It is so generic that people do not know which part of the post it…
Coming back to: Private prescribing in the UK: what is actually involved Replied, post #11 · Regional › UK & Ireland · 25 Dec 2025 · 0 likes post #10 is right about the mechanism and I think understates the practical bit. Importing for personal use: importing a prescription-only medicine without a…
Temperature loggers worth the money — the long version Replied, post #98 · Devices › Cold chain · 22 Dec 2025 · 27 likes I disagree with the reply above, and I think the disagreement is substantive rather than terminological. The distinction being drawn does not survive when you look at…
Revisiting: Why tirzepatide titration schedules have more steps than semaglutide's Replied, post #74 · Compounds › Tirzepatide · 15 Nov 2025 · 18 likes On post #70 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Mass and charge states: tirzepatide is about 4813.5 Da and on an electrospray instrument you would expect…
Request: a diff view for wiki revisions — the long version Replied, post #65 · Meta › Feature requests · 4 Nov 2025 · 30 likes Tracking: staff will update the status of feature requests (under consideration, planned, implemented, declined). Checking back lets you know the fate of your suggestion.
The anatomy of a question that gets answered within an hour — the long version Replied, post #37 · Start Here › How to Ask · 29 Oct 2025 · 3 likes Disagreeing with an answer you got: cite what you disagree with, say what contradicts it, and ask which one holds. Do not open with "I think you are wrong". Lead with…
Where to report an adverse event officially, by region — a second dataset Replied, post #31 · Safety › Adverse events · 18 Oct 2025 · 0 likes Psychological adverse events: mood changes, anxiety, or suicidal ideation warrant discussion with a mental health professional. These are rare but real.
A 40-week log with the measurement method stated Replied, post #24 · Outcomes › Progress reports · 17 Oct 2025 · 10 likes I read post #22 twice before replying, because I had assumed the opposite. Measurement noise: day-to-day body mass varies by more than a kilogram on hydration,…
Second pass at: Programming during a large energy deficit Replied, post #28 · Nutrition & Training › Resistance training · 5 Oct 2025 · 0 likes Maintenance is the goal: preserving lean mass and strength during weight loss is the goal of resistance training in this context, not building new muscle. That goal is…
Cross-border purchase rules within the EU Replied, post #18 · Regional › European Union · 1 Oct 2025 · 23 likes Italy: AIFA controls reimbursement through a note system. Weight-management indications have not attracted public reimbursement. Regional health authorities add further…
Absence of evidence and evidence of absence Started this topic · Research Methods › Statistics · 25 Sep 2025 · 43 likes Absence of evidence and evidence of absence Writing it up because I had to work it out twice and would rather nobody else did. Session topic: SURMOUNT-OSA ( N Engl J…
High-resolution MS on aggregates and what it can see Replied, post #76 · Analytics › Mass spectrometry · 24 Sep 2025 · 16 likes Quantitation by MS: most quantitation is done by LC-UV detection at 214 nm, not by MS, because extinction coefficients are better known. MS can quantify if an internal…
A preprint whose numbers changed substantially at publication Replied, post #46 · Evidence › Preprints · 9 Sep 2025 · 12 likes For anyone arriving from a search: the marked solution above is the direct answer, and the replies underneath it add the caveats that make it safe to use.
The nausea timeline across the first four weeks, with a tabulated log Replied, post #40 · Practice › Side effects · 5 Sep 2025 · 8 likes Vomiting: when it is expected (first-dose reactions or early titration) and when it is a reason to stop and seek help are different. Occasional vomiting during…
When a preprint is the best available evidence and we say so Replied, post #102 · Evidence › Preprints · 26 Aug 2025 · 6 likes post #101 is right about the mechanism and I think understates the practical bit. Discussing preprints in this community: bring them in for early discussion, label them…
Critiquing an observational claim about a class effect — one year on Replied, post #3 · Evidence › Study critique · 15 Aug 2025 · 1 like Defending a paper against criticism: if the authors respond, they might clarify something the paper explained poorly. Their response might also miss your point. Either…
Follow-up: The lowest dose that does anything: is that a real question? Replied, post #41 · Practice › Dosing & titration · 14 Aug 2025 · 2 likes Reaching a dose and staying there for a year: the question of whether a stable dose remains effective over years is mostly answered by the withdrawal trials and by…
Cross-border purchase within the EU: the actual rules Replied, post #9 · Access › International · 13 Aug 2025 · 11 likes On post #5 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Country-by-country legality: compound approval and legal status differ substantially by jurisdiction.…
A field-by-field walk through a certificate of analysis Replied, post #83 · Analytics › COA interpretation · 16 Jul 2025 · 4 likes Reading old certificates: if a certificate is dated years ago, the lot it describes might be old. That is not automatically a problem but it is worth noting. Fresh…
Managing an unplanned gap in supply — what changed since Replied, post #12 · Access › Shortages · 6 Jul 2025 · 0 likes post #11 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. Patient advocacy during shortages: some advocacy groups advocate for patients during…
Why "any advice?" is the least effective ending for a post — the long version Replied, post #16 · Start Here › How to Ask · 23 Jun 2025 · 26 likes Five questions in one post gets you one answer: the easiest one, usually not the one you needed most. Post them separately or pick the one that depends on the others…
[2026 update] Clearance pathways and what renal impairment changes Replied, post #43 · Pharmacology › Pharmacokinetics · 13 Jun 2025 · 2 likes Bioavailability: oral semaglutide has low bioavailability (roughly 1%) due to peptide instability. That is why the oral dose (14 mg) is so much larger than the…
Coming back to: An 18-month record including the parts that went badly Replied, post #63 · Outcomes › Progress reports · 8 Jun 2025 · 4 likes Seasonal patterns: some people report weight loss is slower in winter than summer. Body composition and activity changes might contribute. Noting the season is useful…
How Janoshik, Medutest, PeptideMeter and VendorInvestigate differ Replied, post #102 · Sourcing › Independent verification · 16 May 2025 · 25 likes On post #98 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. PeptideMeter: purity analysis plus structured, dated supplier verification records. Produces both…
Talking to a therapist about this specifically — does this still hold? Replied, post #61 · Wellbeing › Mental health · 14 May 2025 · 0 likes Motivation and expectation: starting with clear motivation and realistic expectations about what will happen and when helps with psychological adjustment.
Relative retention time as a better inter-laboratory comparator Replied, post #9 · Analytics › Method validation · 12 May 2025 · 21 likes This follows post #6 rather than contradicting it. System suitability: injections run at the start of a batch to establish that the instrument and column are…
Pages past their review date, listed — does this still hold? Replied, post #21 · Meta › Wiki maintenance · 10 May 2025 · 21 likes Picking up post #18: that is the part I would want checked first. Authority: if you think a page needs input from someone with specific expertise, suggesting that…
Comparators chosen for regulatory reasons rather than clinical ones — one year on Replied, post #26 · Evidence › Trials · 9 May 2025 · 24 likes Open-label design: unblinded trials admit expectation effects. For weight-loss trials where one arm loses substantial weight and the other does not, complete blinding…
Reading a trial's population section before its results — does this still hold? Replied, post #67 · Evidence › Trials · 4 May 2025 · 0 likes Multiplicity and multiple comparisons: if a trial tests many hypotheses, the chance of a false positive on at least one by random chance increases. This is why…
Needle changes between doses on a reusable pen Replied, post #6 · Devices › Pens & autoinjectors · 1 May 2025 · 0 likes Injection duration: most pens deliver the dose over several seconds. Holding the button down for the full duration ensures complete delivery. Releasing early can result…
Antibiotics and a course of something with delayed emptying Replied, post #20 · Practice › Interactions · 13 Apr 2025 · 20 likes SGLT2 inhibitors: frequently co-administered and relevant to renal and cardiovascular discussion, not to interactions. There is no pharmacokinetic interaction of concern.
Research-use-only labelling: what it means and what it does not — the long version Replied, post #117 · Sourcing › Regulatory · 30 Mar 2025 · 0 likes Compounding and pharmacy rules: some jurisdictions allow a pharmacy to compound a drug that is not on the market under specific conditions. The conditions are strict…
Revisiting: Oral versus injected administration claims for BPC-157 Replied, post #8 · Compounds › Repair & healing peptides · 21 Mar 2025 · 15 likes On post #4 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Why plausible mechanism is not evidence of effect: a mechanism that is chemically or biologically…
Delayed gastric emptying and oral medication absorption: which drugs matter Replied, post #14 · Practice › Interactions · 13 Mar 2025 · 0 likes This follows post #11 rather than contradicting it. SGLT2 inhibitors: frequently co-administered and relevant to renal and cardiovascular discussion, not to…
[2026 update] Cardiovascular risk: reading the outcome trials as a set Replied, post #3 · Clinical › Comorbidities · 10 Mar 2025 · 21 likes Obstructive sleep apnoea: SURMOUNT-OSA used an objective endpoint, the apnoea-hypopnoea index. Reduction was substantial. Whether the benefit is weight loss or a direct…
Consistent declarations and why they matter more than clever ones Replied, post #115 · Sourcing › Logistics · 2 Mar 2025 · 22 likes On post #111 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Tracking stops updating: tracking last updated days ago usually means the package is in transit and will…
Domestic fridge temperature mapping: a cheap experiment — what changed since Replied, post #60 · Devices › Cold chain · 2 Mar 2025 · 0 likes Assessing an excursion: if a package sat at room temperature for a time, visual inspection (cloudiness, discoloration, particles) can alert you to problems. Not visible…
Telehealth prescribing models in the US Replied, post #60 · Regional › North America · 19 Feb 2025 · 19 likes Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this topic, write down what you did and when. The single most useful thing in your own…
A promotion I argued against, and why I lost Replied, post #95 · Documentation › Doc review · 12 Feb 2025 · 33 likes Coming back to post #93, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Evidence synthesis requests: if you think a page should summarise the state of…
Revisiting: What a well-designed human trial of a secretagogue would look like Replied, post #36 · Compounds › Secretagogues & GH axis · 17 Jan 2025 · 16 likes Reading a rodent study on a secretagogue without over-extrapolating: rodent studies can show a mechanism is plausible. They cannot show magnitude of effect in humans or…
Follow-up: Individual participant data versus aggregate data Replied, post #60 · Evidence › Meta-analyses · 10 Jan 2025 · 0 likes Sensitivity analysis: the authors re-run the meta-analysis excluding studies one at a time, or by quality, to see whether the pooled estimate changes. Robust results…
Coming back to: Preparing for an appointment: one page, three questions Replied, post #141 · Clinical › Prescriber conversations · 7 Jan 2025 · 8 likes Worth separating two things that post #137 runs together. What to bring: copies of relevant lab results, pharmacy records (to confirm doses actually taken), and records…
[2026 update] Journal club: SURPASS-2 and the semaglutide 1 mg comparator Replied, post #84 · Evidence › Journal club · 6 Jan 2025 · 20 likes STEP 1 (N Engl J Med 2021): The pivotal obesity trial for semaglutide and the reference point for most subsequent comparison. Mean weight reduction was substantially…
SNAC and the mechanism of oral peptide absorption — the long version Replied, post #16 · Compounds › Oral incretins · 13 Dec 2024 · 0 likes Having read the exchange above, I think I was wrong earlier in this topic and I want to say so plainly rather than quietly editing. The correction was fair and I had…
Request: a diff view for wiki revisions Replied, post #23 · Meta › Feature requests · 11 Nov 2024 · 1 like On post #19 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Community support: if other people support your request, they can reply with "+1" or "I would use that…
Food noise reducing and the disorientation that can follow Replied, post #30 · Wellbeing › Mental health · 28 Oct 2024 · 22 likes Coming back to post #28, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. When to involve a professional: if mood changes are persistent, deepen over weeks,…
Why a preprint's supplementary material is often the best part Replied, post #37 · Evidence › Preprints · 25 Sep 2024 · 26 likes Peer review as a filter: published papers have survived a review process that rejects many submissions. Preprints have not. Neither guarantees correctness, but…
Priming a pen and whether the primed volume is wasted — one year on Replied, post #5 · Devices › Pens & autoinjectors · 15 Sep 2024 · 20 likes Dose counters: pens show the remaining number of doses. When the counter reaches zero, the pen is empty and cannot deliver more. Noting the counter before injection…
Guidelines revision: what changed and why Replied, post #40 · Meta › Announcements · 26 Jul 2024 · 5 likes Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this topic, write down what you did and when. The single most useful thing in your own…
Splitting a weekly dose in two: the pharmacokinetic argument against — the long version Replied, post #59 · Practice › Dosing & titration · 8 Jul 2024 · 8 likes The arithmetic of an intermediate dose: if the label says 1.0 mg and 2.0 mg, a dose strictly between them is off-label by definition. Some people compute it anyway. The…